General valeriano weyler biography template

His distant paternal ancestors were originally Prussians and served in the Spanish army for several generations. He graduated from the Infantry School of Toledo at the age of In , Weyler was made Governor-General of the Philippines. The women became known as the Women of Malolos. The original petition was denied by the parish priest of Malolos, who argued that women should always stay at home and take care of the family.

Weyler happened to visit Malolos afterward and granted the petition on account of the persistence the women displayed for their petition. In , he earned the Grand Cross of Maria Christina for his command of troops in the Philippines [ 2 ] in which he fought an uprising of Tagalogs [ 6 ] and conducted an offensive against the Moros in Mindanao.

On his return to Spain in , he was appointed to command the 6th Army Corps in the Basque Provinces and Navarre , where he soon quelled agitations. He was then made captain-general at Barcelona , where he remained until January In Catalonia , with a state of siege, he made himself the terror of the anarchists and communists. This decision met the approval of the Spanish public, who perceived Weyler as the right man to suppress the rebellion in Cuba.

Weyler was made Governor-General of Cuba and was granted full powers to suppress the rebellion and restore Spanish rule alongside Cuba's sugar industry. Initially, he was frustrated by the same factors which had stymied his predecessors; while Spanish troops were trained in conventional warfare tactics and required substantial supplies to operate, their Cuban opponents engaged in hit-and-run tactics , lived off the land and blended in with the general population to avoid detection.

Weyler responded by implementing the reconcentration policy , which was intended to separate the rebels from the civilian Cuban populace by confining the latter to concentration camps guarded by Spanish troops. Under the policy, rural Cubans had eight days to relocate to concentration camps in fortified towns, and all who failed to do so were to be shot.

The quality of the camps was abysmal, with the housing being in poor condition and the camp rations insufficient and of poor quality; disease also quickly spread through the camps. By the end of , Weyler and his troops had divided Cuba into different sectors and forced more than , Cubans into the camps. Spanish forces also destroyed crops and drove away livestock as part of a scorched earth strategy to make the Cuban countryside inhospitable to the insurgents.

The reconcentration policy weakened the rebel position but resulted in the deaths of between , and , Cubans, causing widespread international outrage, particularly in the United States , where Weyler became known as "The Butcher". Castillo's government supported Weyler's tactics wholeheartedly, but the Liberal Party vigorously denounced them for their toll on the Cuban people.

Academic Andrea Pitzer considered Weyler's camps to be the world's first concentration camps. He served as Minister of War three separate times —, , — [ 4 ] and as Chief of Staff of the Army in two separate terms —, — To date, researchers have not agreed on the number of civilian casualties, which ranges between 60, and , In , as captain general of Catalonia, he successfully repressed the protests and altercations during the Tragic Week of Barcelona.

Minister of War on three occasions, simultaneously with the Ministry of the Navy, he was a senator for life by royal appointment. He opposed the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, intervening in the Sanjuanada against the dictator, who He arrested him but did not dare to imprison him, although he condemned him to ostracism and made his name disappear from the streets and squares that had given him such distinction keeping the name Weyler Square in Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

Between and and from to he was chief of the Central General Staff of the Army. In addition to his practical action as his commander, he was one of the few in Spain who cared about developing methods and tactics for irregular warfare. The concentration of populations in certain places, trails and other innovations, initially applied during the Civil War by Generals Sheridan and Hunter when they completely devastated the Shenandoah Valley and by General Sherman when he devastated Georgia and North Carolina South, were faithfully copied and followed in other conflicts such as Horatio Kitchener in the Boer Wars or the Wehrmacht in World War II.

The difference between these tactics is that in America there were real fields with livestock and crops. He is commonly cited in the American press as the "Butcher" Weyler. Imprimir Citar. It was this of Santo Domingo a war of fleeting and violent surprises and battles that occurred repeatedly; the same kind of fighting in which it would be wrapped so many times throughout its life, in Cuba and the Philippines.

It was therefore in Dominican lands where he began to become an expert in the peculiar way of beating himself in the tropical environment. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. More From encyclopedia. Weyl, Nathaniel — Weyl, Hermann Claus Hugo. Weyl, Hermann. Weyl, Claus Hugo Hermann — Weygand, Hannelore —.

Weyers, Marius —. Weyer, Johan also known as John Wier or Wierus Weyden, Rogier van der ca. Weyco Group, Incorporated. Wexner, Leslie H. However, Weyler considered this a great opportunity. At twenty-six years old he had the chance to become a commander, while his fellows of the Military School at Toledo were still lieutenants. Once in Cuba, he received the news about a revolt in Santo Domingo and Weyler requested a transfer to Santo Domingo to take control of the insurgents.

Having been liberated, first from Spain and then from Haiti , Santo Domingo suffered from ongoing attacks of Haitian guerrillas. Since the end of the eighteenth century, Haiti, a colony of the French government, was having constant revolts that threatened the newly independent country of Santo Domingo. In light of this situation, the conservative government of Santo Domingo asked the Spanish Crown to accept them as a colony again.

The situation in Santo Domingo provided Weyler with the experience to develop his military tactics in a jungle battlefield. In October of , Cuba experienced a rebellion of the Creole oligarchy against Spanish domination. The insurrection was lead by Carlos Manuel Cespedes, a landowner, who was supported by the freed slaves of his own plantation.

Weyler was sent to Cuba by the Spanish government to fight against the insurrection. This stage of Cuba's struggle for independence continued for a decade, known as the "Ten Years' War". Later Weyler was appointed chief of the battalion Cazadores de Balmaceda. At this time he wrote about military tactics and new war strategies as well as documenting his theories and views on Cuba war.

He was the first military officer to define the Guerra de Guerrillas.

General valeriano weyler biography template

Following his appointment with the Cazadores, he was ranked as Brigadier and sent to Port Princess in Haiti. Years later Weyler returned to Spain, and as soon as he arrived he was assigned to fight in the Carlista War. The Spanish Government recognized his service as demonstrated in the Bocairente Battle, and in recognition of his accomplishments, he was appointed Field Marshal.

His rank permitted him to go to the Senate as a representative of Canary Island. Subsequently, he received a lifetime nomination as Senator.