Ali messali hadj biography

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Ali messali hadj biography

Forgot password? Don't have an account? Sign in via your Institution. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Sign in with your library card Please enter your library card number. Search within work. France was low on resources, fuel, and raw materials, its railway infrastructure and industry in ruins. Politically, unrest was mounting, and even the accusation of collaboration was enough to paint a target on someone's back.

Meanwhile the Muslims of Algeria were mobilizing to march for their own self-determination under slogans like "Muslims Awaken! However, Messali Hadj's assertion of Arabism alienated the Kabyles and contributed to the Berberist crisis in Messali's followers clashed with the FLN; it was the only socialist faction not absorbed into the Front's fight for independence.

During negotiation talks in the FLN did not accept the participation of the MNA, and this led to new outbursts of fighting. In , as Algeria gained independence from France, Messali tried to transform his group into a legitimate political party, but it was not successful, and the FLN seized control over Algeria as a one-party state. Messali Hadj was in exile in France when he died in His body was buried in his native Tlemcen.

Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Army life exposed him to the order, discipline, and relatively higher status that went with military service, while at the same time embittering him at the institutionalized prejudice to which colonial troops were subjected. It was in Bordeaux, also, that he first became acquainted with Marxist writings and with the activities of the Communist-dominated French labor movement.

Upon his discharge in February , Messali returned to Tlemcen at a time when Algeria was experiencing severe economic depression. Trying his hand at five different jobs in the commercial and manufacturing sectors, Messali was appalled at the conditions imposed upon him by each of these Muslim employers. After two and a half years in which his political sensibilities grew enormously, Messali moved to Paris, joining there the largest of the North African immigrant communities in France, which then totaled some , The new immigrant tried several industrial and service jobs but finally went into business for himself, selling stockings at weekly markets in the environs of the capital.

He married Emilie Busquant, a department store clerk and member of the French Communist Party , by whom he had two children, Ali and Djanina. His wife remained loyal to him until her death in Culturally isolated and confronted with many material problems, the Algerian workers in France discovered that only the French far left demonstrated much interest in their issues and welfare.

In June , with Communist logistical and moral support, North Africans created the Etoile nordafricaine ENA as a political organization to battle for their rights and for amelioration of conditions in their homelands. Messali Hadj was secretary-general of the ENA from its inception and soon came to dominate it. In February he delivered the ENA's first list of "Algerian demands" to an anticolonial congress organized by the Communist International in Brussels.

Most singular among those demands was a call for the independence of Algeria. At a time when French-educated middle-class Algerians were working for assimilation of their country into the French Republic, and when Muslim reformers were calling for educational and cultural renewal, Messali's call was truly revolutionary. By the Communist Party terminated its financial support, partially because Messali and his colleagues demonstrated more independence than it was comfortable with and partially because the ENA's nationalistic agenda was not consistent with party priorities of the moment.

When the courts outlawed the movement the next year, the ENA went underground. In Messali began publishing a newspaper, El Ouma, which achieved phenomenal readership and for the first time drew attention to his movement within Algeria itself.